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Obesity and glucose metabolism abnormalities by post-disaster evacuation
http://ir.fmu.ac.jp/dspace/handle/123456789/2206
Title: Obesity and glucose metabolism abnormalities by post-disaster evacuation
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<br/>Authors: Kawasaki, Yukihiko; Nakano, Hironori; Hayashi, Fumikazu; Hosoya, Mitsuaki; Yasumura, Seiji; Ohira, Tetsuya; Satoh, Hiroaki; Suzuki, Hitoshi; Takahashi, Atsushi; Sakai, Akira; Shimabukuro, Michio; Ohto, Hitoshi; Kamiya, Kenji
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<br/>Abstract: Background: The objectives of this study were to determine the longer-term trends in childhood obesity and glucose metabolism abnormalities among residents of Fukushima Prefecture 5 years after the Great East Japan Earthquake. Methods: We evaluated the changes in height, weight, body mass index (BMI), BMI SD score, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) concentration, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) among elementary and junior high school residents who had lived in the evacuation zone between 2011 and 2015. Results: Of the residents, 11,112 received health checks in 2011, while in 2012, 2013, 2014, and 2015, 5,737, 4522, 4297 and 3405 received health checks, respectively. The mean BMI SD score for all participants in 2011 was 0.149, and this score gradually decreased from 2011 to 2015. FPG levels and HbA1c levels for all participants with a BMI value +2SD or more in 2011 were higher than those in residents with a BMI value of less than +2SD. The frequency of participants with a FPG level of 126 mg/dl or more and the frequency of participants with a HbA1c level of 6.5% or more in 2011 were higher than those in 2012, 2013, and 2015. Conclusions: These results suggest that a number of pediatric residents suffered from obesity and glucose metabolism abnormalities. However, the longer-term observations indicated an improvement in obesity and glucose metabolism abnormalities. There was a strong association observed between obesity and glucose metabolism, thus, it is important to continue with health checks for children with obesity and strive to improve their health.Estimation of the Thyroid Equivalent Doses to Residents in Areas Affected by the 2011 Fukushima Nuclear Disaster Due to Inhalation of 131I Based on Their Behavioral Data and the Latest Atmospheric Transport and Dispersion Model Simulation
http://ir.fmu.ac.jp/dspace/handle/123456789/1950
Title: Estimation of the Thyroid Equivalent Doses to Residents in Areas Affected by the 2011 Fukushima Nuclear Disaster Due to Inhalation of 131I Based on Their Behavioral Data and the Latest Atmospheric Transport and Dispersion Model Simulation
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<br/>Authors: Kim, Eunjoo; Igarashi, Yu; Hashimoto, Shozo; Tani, Kotaro; Kowatari, Munehiko; Ishikawa, Tetsuo; Kurihara, Osamu
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<br/>Abstract: It has been challenging to obtain reliable estimates of thyroid equivalent doses (TEDs) to residents involved in the 11 March 2011 Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident because of the shortage of direct human measurements associated with 131I, the largest contributor to the dose of concern. The present study attempted to perform the estimation of the TEDs by inhalation of 131I to residents from Namie-town, one of the most radiologically-affected municipalities, by means of the latest atmospheric transport and dispersion model (ATDM) simulations with the Worldwide version of System for Prediction of Environmental Emergency Dose Information (WSPEEDI) ver. 2, coupled with personal behavioral data containing the history of the whereabouts of individuals shortly after the accident. We analyzed 1,637 residents who underwent direct measurements with whole-body counters several months after the accident and provided their personal behavioral data. We divided the subjects into two groups based on whether the distances between their locations and the FDNPP were >20 km as of 15:00 on 12 March in relation to the timepoint of the hydrogen explosion at the Unit 1 Reactor building. As a result, the 90th percentile TEDs of the 1,249 prompt evacuees and 388 late evacuees were 3.9 mSv (adult)-6.8 mSv (10-y-old) and 24.1 mSv (adult)-35.6 mSv (5-y-old), respectively, excluding 16 persons whose TEDs exceeded 50 mSv. The 90th percentile (median) TEDs to 1-y-old children (not included in the subjects) for the prompt and late evacuation groups were 8.1 (1.0) mSv and 36.3 (19.7) mSv, respectively. Additionally, this study provided the evidence to support the view that the explosive event at the Unit 1 Reactor building on the afternoon of 12 March 2011 could have caused the critical group among Namie-town's residents, whereas the largest release event on 15 March gave relatively small doses to the residents because their exposure took place mostly at sites that were distant from the FDNPP. However, the present dose estimation has potentially large uncertainty at the individual level; further validations are thus necessary.Impact of lifestyle and psychosocial factors on the onset of hypertension after the Great East Japan earthquake: a 7-year follow-up of the Fukushima Health Management Survey
http://ir.fmu.ac.jp/dspace/handle/123456789/1949
Title: Impact of lifestyle and psychosocial factors on the onset of hypertension after the Great East Japan earthquake: a 7-year follow-up of the Fukushima Health Management Survey
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<br/>Authors: Kobari, Eri; Tanaka, Kenichi; Nagao, Masanori; Okazaki, Kanako; Hayashi, Fumikazu; Kazama, Sakumi; Ohira, Tetsuya; Yasumura, Seiji; Shimabukuro, Michio; Maeda, Masaharu; Sakai, Akira; Yabe, Hirooki; Hosoya, Mitsuaki; Takahashi, Atsushi; Harigane, Mayumi; Ohto, Hitoshi; Kamiya, Kenji; Kazama, Junichiro James
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<br/>Abstract: Natural disasters force many evacuees to change several aspects of their lifestyles. This longitudinal study aimed to investigate whether factors such as living environment and lifestyle factors were related to new-onset hypertension in survivors of the Great East Japan Earthquake over a long-term follow-up of up to 7 years after the earthquake. The present study examined data collected from 29,025 Japanese participants aged 39-89 years, sourced from general health checkups and the Fukushima Mental Health and Lifestyle Survey, which was conducted in 13 communities between 2011 and 2018. A total of 10,861 participants received follow-up examinations. During a median follow-up of 4.3 years, 3744 participants (1588 men, 41.4%; 2,156 women, 30.7%) had newly developed hypertension. Heavy drinking (adjusted hazard ratio 1.38, 95% confidence interval 1.21-1.57, p < 0.001) and obesity (adjusted hazard ratio 1.27, 95% confidence interval 1.19-1.37, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with new-onset hypertension after the disaster in multivariate-adjusted analysis. Furthermore, experiencing evacuation after the disaster was also significantly associated with the risk of new-onset hypertension in men (adjusted hazard ratio 1.14, 95% confidence interval 1.02-1.27, p = 0.016). The present study indicated that lifestyle factors, such as drinking and obesity, and evacuation experience in men had significant effects on the risk of new-onset hypertension in the long term after the earthquake.Estimation of the Early Cs-137 Intake of Evacuees from Areas Affected by the 2011 Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident Based on Personal Behavioral Data and the Latest Atmospheric Transport and Dispersion Model Simulation
http://ir.fmu.ac.jp/dspace/handle/123456789/1867
Title: Estimation of the Early Cs-137 Intake of Evacuees from Areas Affected by the 2011 Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident Based on Personal Behavioral Data and the Latest Atmospheric Transport and Dispersion Model Simulation
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<br/>Authors: Kim, Eunjoo; Igarashi, Yu; Hashimoto, Shozo; Tani, Kotaro; Ishikawa, Tetsuo; Kowatari, Munehiko; Kurihara, Osamu
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<br/>Abstract: More than 9 y have passed since the 2011 nuclear disaster in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. During this period, much effort has been spent on the dose reconstruction for Fukushima residents; however, the estimation of the internal dose due to the potential intake of the short-lived radionuclides (mainly iodine-131) has been challenging because of the lack of direct human measurements at the early phase of the accident. Our previous study revealed that the residual cesium body contents observed in delayed whole-body counter (WBC) measurements of residents from Namie-town, one of the most affected municipalities, varied greatly with the timepoint of their evacuations on 12 March 2011 when the first explosive event occurred at the accident site; i.e., the late evacuees had much higher residual cesium body contents compared to the prompt evacuees. The present study thus aimed to clarify this finding by reproducing the exposure situation based on the evacuees' personal behavioral data in combination with the latest atmospheric transport and dispersion model (ATDM) simulation for 356 selected subjects in adult and 15-y (13-17 y) age groups. The results demonstrated that the ATDM simulation-based method could reasonably reproduce the subjects' exposure situation, supporting the previous finding. However, the residual cesium-137 body contents calculated by this method were only 10%-20% of those in the subjects' WBC measurements. This large discrepancy was considered to be caused by both the present method's underestimation and the overestimation of the subjects' early intake in the WBC measurements due to a conservative intake scenario not assuming potential additional intake. Additional studies are needed to further clarify the reasons for the discrepancy and to evaluate the magnitude of the inhalation dose in the accident.